Importance Of Computer As A Tool For Processing Data

DATA PROCESSING TECHNIQUES

There are different basic techniques of data processing namely:

Batch Processing

Real Time Processing

Time Sharing Processing

Demand Processing

Multi Processing

BATCH PROCESSING

It is a technique by which a number of jobs (data) are inputed into the computer system at the same time and the computer is made to execute those jobs, one after the other in sequence, at its own pace.  This type of processing is suitable for accounting and business applications such as payroll accounts, invoicing, purchases, sales, ledger etc.

REAL TIME PROCESSING

In Real-Time Processing data are processed immediately, now.  It is processed in rapid manner so that the results of the processing are available in time to influence the current activity or process being monitored or controlled.  It is useful in transaction application where time is a critical factor e.g. airline reservations, banks etc.

TIME SHARING

In time-sharing processing, many users can work with the computer through terminals that are connected to remote distance.  Here, the processor time is shared among variable number of users at essentially the same time, that is, it allows simultaneity and concurrency.  Each user is given a fraction of the processor time, at the elapse of which the processor is switched over to another user.

DEMAND PROCESSING

This is a type of processing that is done only when it becomes necessary.  The data have been stored in the computer memory, and would then be processed when it becomes necessary.

MULTI PROCESSING

In all the modes of computer operation discussed earlier only one processor is in the system.  A multi processing system is one in which there are two or more processors that may be sharing the same main memory.  This makes simultaneous execution of two or more programs possible.

ONLINE PROCESSING

This is a kind of processing whereby many terminals are directly connected to the CPU.  It also involves a method of entering transaction and getting the output immediately.  An online system is not always a real time response system, but real time system must have an online capability.

EVALUATION

1. Define data processing.
2. State four data processing techniques.

IMPORTANCE OF THE COMPUTER AS A TOOL FOR DATA PROCESSING

The following are advantages of using computers for data processing:

1. Speeds: Computer operations (the execution of an instruction such as the addition of two numbers) are done at the speed of light i.e. data is processed at a very fast rate when using the computer.
2. Accuracy: The computer is very accurate when processing data, it is not prone to errors like human beings.
3. Reliability: Computers can work for long periods of time performing repetitive tasks without complaining and a user can be sure that a directive given to the computer will be carried out.
4. Storage: Computer storage is far more efficient such that the quantity of data stored at any point can be accessed anytime it is required.
5. Memory Capability: Computer systems can store a huge amount of data or information and they have total and instant recall of these data.
6. Exchange of information: Computer has the ability to exchange information quickly and easily with computers and other devices.
7. Efficiency and productivity can be raised.
8. Running cost becomes lower in the long term.
9. Overall security can be raised due to less human intervention.

It may be noted however that, the use of computer for data processing has its own disadvantages: like, it is expensive, it requires trained personnel and it is costly to maintain.

GENERAL EVALUATION

1. Define data processing.
2. List any four processing techniques.
3. Give two advantages of using computer to process information.
4. Give two disadvantages of using computer for data processing.

READING ASSIGNMENT

Computer studies Stella Chiemeke   Book 1 page 38.

Modern computer studies by Victoria Dinehin page 20

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

1. The …… is a technique by which a number of jobs (data) are input into the computer system at the same time and the computer is made to execute those jobs, one after the other in sequence. (a) batch processing (b) on-line processing (c) time sharing (d) demand processing
2. Computer operations are done at a speed of …… (a) moon (b) electronic (c) Light         (d) sun
3. …….. is a kind of processing whereby many terminals are directly connected to the CPU. (a) online processing (b) demand processing (c) time sharing (d) batch processing
4. In time-sharing processing, many users can work with the computer through terminals that are connected to remote distance. 

(a) batch   (b) time sharing   (c) demand  (d)  online

• A………….. system is one in which there are two or more processors that may be sharing the same main memory. (a) Multi processing (b) batch processing

(c) online processing (d) real time processing

THEORY

1.         Write short note on the following:

            (a)        Batch Processing

            (b)        Real-Time Processing

            (c)        Time Sharing

            (d)       Online Processing

2.         State six importance of using computer as a data processing tool.