differentiate between acidic oxide and anhydride with example
Acidic oxide and anhydride are both oxides of non-metals, but they differ in their chemical properties and how they react with water.
An acidic oxide is an oxide that reacts with water to form an acid. These oxides are usually non-metal oxides, which react with water to produce an acidic solution. Examples of acidic oxides include sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2).
For example, sulfur dioxide (SO2) reacts with water to form sulfurous acid (H2SO3):
SO2 + H2O → H2SO3
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) reacts with water to form nitric acid (HNO3):
NO2 + H2O → HNO3
An anhydride, on the other hand, is an oxide that reacts with water to form an acid or a base, depending on the type of anhydride. Anhydrides are usually formed from the dehydration of acids or their salts. Examples of anhydrides include acetic anhydride (C4H6O3) and phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5).
For example, acetic anhydride (C4H6O3) reacts with water to form acetic acid (CH3COOH):
C4H6O3 + H2O → 2CH3COOH
Phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5) reacts with water to form phosphoric acid (H3PO4):
P2O5 + 3H2O → 2H3PO4
In summary, the key difference between acidic oxides and anhydrides is that acidic oxides react with water to form acids, whereas anhydrides can react with water to form either an acid or a base, depending on the type of anhydride.
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Difference between logarithms and indices with example
Both logarithms and indices are mathematical tools that deal with the relationship between exponents and bases, but they are not the same thing.
Indices, also known as exponents or powers, represent the number of times a base is multiplied by itself. For example, in the expression 3^4, 3 is the base, and 4 is the index, so it means that 3 is multiplied by itself four times:
3^4 = 3 x 3 x 3 x 3 = 81
Logarithms, on the other hand, are the inverse operation of indices. Logarithms represent the power to which a given base must be raised to produce a given number. For example, in the expression log3 81, 3 is the base, and the logarithm tells us what power of 3 is equal to 81:
log3 81 = 4
So, the logarithm with base 3 that equals 81 is 4. We can also write this as an exponential form:
3^4 = 81
This shows the relationship between logarithms and indices. The logarithm is the exponent or power to which the base must be raised to obtain the given number.
Another example of indices and logarithms is:
2^5 = 32
In this expression, 2 is the base and 5 is the index. To find the logarithm with base 2 that equals 32, we write:
log2 32 = 5
So, the logarithm with base 2 that equals 32 is 5. We can also write this as an exponential form:
2^5 = 32
Again, this shows the relationship between logarithms and indices. The logarithm is the exponent or power to which the base must be raised to obtain the given number.
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