StopLearnStopLearnAn adverb is the part of speech (or word class) that is primarily used to modify a verb, adjective, or other adverb. Adverbs can also modify prepositional phrases, subordinate clauses, and complete sentences. In other words, adverbs tell us in what way someone does something. Adverbs can modify verbs (here: drive), adjectives or other adverbs.
An adverb that modifies an adjective (“quite sad”) or another adverb (“very carelessly”) appears immediately in front of the word it modifies. An adverb that modifies a verb is generally more flexible: it may appear before or after the verb it modifies (“softly sang” or “sang softly“), or it may appear at the beginning of the sentence (“Softly she sang to the baby”). The position of the adverb may have an effect on the meaning of the sentence.
Temporal Adverb – An adverb (such as soon or tomorrow) that describes when the action of a verb is carried out. It is also called a time adverb. An adverb phrase that answers the question “when?” is called a temporal adverb. e.g I always thought that the river was deep, but now I see that deep down it’s shallow.
Manner Adverb – An adverb (such as quickly or slowly) that describes or shows the way an action is carried out. In most cases, the comparative and superlative of manner adverbs are formed with more(or less) and most (or least) respectively. A manner adverb most often appears after a verb or at the end of a verb e.g Ade spoke sharply, and brought his head around towards me. Plantings that had beencarefully arranged to frame natural or architectural features were carelessly cleared away.
Place Adverb – An adverb (such as here or inside) that describes where the action of a verb is carried out. Also called an adverb of place or a spatial adverb. e.g Television programmes produced in New York and Hollywood are seen worldwide.
Many adverbs–especially adverbs of manner–are formed from adjectives by the addition of the ending -ly (easily, dependably). But many common adverbs (just, still, almost, not) do not end in -ly, and not all words that end in -ly (friendly, neighborly) are adverbs.
Adverb of Emphasis – A traditional term for an intensifier (such as certainly, obviously, undoubtedly) used to give added force or a greater degree of certainty to another word in a sentence or to the sentence as a whole. e.g Deterrence, obviously, is one of the aims of punishment, but it is surely not the only one.
Conjunctive Verb – An adverb that indicates the relationship in meaning between two independent clauses. Unlike a conventional adverb, which usually affects the meaning of only a single word or phrase, the meaning of a conjunctive adverb (or conjunct) affects the entire clause of which it is a part. e.g They were not sleeping on board the brig. On the contrary, they were talking, singing, laughing.
Relative Adverb – An adverb (where, when, or why) that introduces a relative clause, which is sometimes called a relative adverb clause. e.g The reason why worry kills more people than work is that more people worry than work.
Speech-act Adverb – An adverb (such as frankly, briefly, or seriously) that identifies how a speaker intends to speak (or perform the speech act). e.g I prepared a rough draft several months ago, but,frankly, she hasn’t been inclined to sign it.
Flat Adverb – A traditional term for an adverb–such as high, fast, and hard–that has the same form as its corresponding adjective. Unlike most adverbs in English, flat adverbs (also known as plain adverbs) do not end in -ly.
A few adverbs have both a plain form and an -ly form: slow and slowly; loud and loudly;fair and fairly. The plain form is most commonly used in informal speech and in short sentences, especially short imperative sentences: “Go slow“; “Play fair. e.g Drive slow and enjoy the scenery. Drive fast and join the scenery.
Prepositional Adverb – An adverb that can also function as a preposition. Unlike an ordinary preposition, a prepositional adverb is not followed by an object. Prepositional adverbs (also called adverbial particles) are used to form phrasal verbs. e.g We’re all tumbled down. He ran up a bill.
A verb is a word or more than one word that is used to express an action or a state of being. A verb is an action or a doing word. Every sentence must have a verb. This makes the verb the most important word as far as the construction of a sentence is concerned. In a sentence, a verb connects the subject to the object. There are two different objects: direct object and indirect object.
A verb can be just a word.
A verb can be more than one word.
A verb connects the subject to the object.
A verb may not have an object.
Types of Verbs
A verb that has a direct object to complete the sentence is a transitive verb. A verb that does not need an object to make its meaning clear is an intransitive verb.
The transitive verb
A transitive verb must have an object. Without an object, it does not convey a clear meaning.
The question inevitably arises: What did he drive? No one in the world knows the answer to this question as there is no direct object to tell us what he drove. The meaning becomes clear when an object is added: He drove a car. Now everyone of us knows what he drove.
A transitive verb may take an indirect object. An indirect object is something or someone to whom or for whom the action is carried out.
In the first sentence, the indirect object is her as it is for her that the cake was bought. In the second sentence, the indirect object is grandpa as it is to him that the news was read. The indirect object usually comes before the direct object as shown in above two sentences.
The intransitive verb
An intransitive verb does not have an object. Without an object, the meaning is not affected.
All the verbs (cry, is barking, is coming) are intransitive as they do not need an object to make the meaning clear.
The verb caught is transitive as it has the direct object bat. The other verb escaped is intransitive since it is not followed by an object.
Argumentative essay writing requires a writer to establish a position on a given topic, using evidence to persuade the reader to see things from the point of view [perspective] of the writer. In order to write a good argumentative essay, it is important for the writer to first of all investigate the several aspects to any given topic. Doing this allows sides the writer to have a broader perspective of the topic and as such, arrive at an educated stance. Please note that investigating the topic is a process that involves collecting evidence, facts, statistics and expert opinions on the topic which will enable you write a great piece.
Two things need to be planned out:
The skill comes in developing your arguments, and in supporting them in a logical way by the facts.
Speech Work: Diphthong Contrasting / əʊ/ and /ʊə/
/ əʊ/ sound
This is another diphthong. A long sound made up of two shorter ones. The sound begins with /ə/ in the middle of the mouth, and then moves to /ʊ/. The lip becomes very slightly rounded. The sound is spelt in different ways.
/ʊə/ sound
This diphthong is the last diphthong in English. To say /ʊə/ you have to first say /ʊ/ then change it to /ə/. Say the following words.
Contrasting / əʊ/ and /ʊə/
A figure of speech or figurative language is a literary device used to gain a particular effect. It is the use of a word or an expression beyond its ordinary or literal meaning.
There are over two hundred kind of figure of speech but the one mostly used will be discuss. They are simile, metaphor, personification, hyperbole, paradox,irony.
A figure of speech is used in prose and drama. Whenever an expression or word used to give a special effect and it is known as poetic devices in poetry. Collectively, most of the figures of speech are categorized into six groups
Category of figure of speech
Figures of comparison or association
Under this category, the following are simile, metaphor,personification, allusion, allegory
Examples: He is as short as a dwarf
Curses are like chicken
Examples: Let the floor claps their hand,
Confusion heard his voice
Examples: John Bunyan’s pilgrim progress is a religious allegory.
Example: I want all heads on dock
She controls all the heads in the village
Thousands of eyes gaze on on him at the occasion
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