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A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life.
The cell structure of both plant and animals are composed of protoplasm which can be divided into two main parts
- Cytoplasm
- Nucleus
- The cytoplasm is a fluid material that consists of cytoplasmic organelles such as lysosome, golgi bodies, endoplasmic, reticulum e.t.c.
The nucleus is bounded by a nuclear membrane and within the nucleus are:
(i) chromosome (ii) Nucleus
The animal cell addition has centromere while the plant in addition has starch granules, cellulose cell and some plastids (chloroplast).
Structure of animal cell
Structure of Plant cell
Similarities Between Animal cell and Plant cell
Both Plant and Animal cells are similar because they posses cytoplasm, cell membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, nuclear membrane. Nucleus, chromosomes, nucleoplasm and nucleolus. They both carryout mitosis in somatic cell and meiosis in reproductive cells..
Differences Between Animal cell and Plant cell
| PLANT CELL | ANIMAL CELLS |
| 1. Cell has a dead cellulose cell wall hence definite in shape | Cell has living cell membrane hence it can change shape |
| 2. Chloroplast is present | Chloroplast absent |
| 3. A large central vacuole present | Small vacuoles may be present or absent |
| 4. Centrioles are absent | Centrioles are present |
| 5. Cytoplasm is dense and found along the periphery of the cell | Cytoplasm is dense and granular and fills cell completely |
| 6. Food is stored as starch granules | Food is stored as glycogen and fat |
| 7. Plant cell may be polygonal rectangular or square in shape | It is either circular or oval in shape |
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