AMINES AND AMIDES

AMINES:

It has a functional group of NH₂.

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

1. They can dissolve in water.

2. They are gases and liquid.

3. They have fishy odour.

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

1. As bases they neutralize acids.

2. They dissociate/ionize in water e.g. CH₃NH₂ + H₂O  CH₃NH₃⁺+  OH^–

USES

1. Used in making nylon

2. They can also be used in making polyamide.

EVALUATION

1. State two (2)  physical properties and two (2) chemical properties of amine.

2. Give the classes of amine according to the number of their alkyl groups.

AMIDES

                                      O

It has functional group of –C    which is known as carbonamide group.

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:

1. Only methanamide is a liquid while others are solid.

2. They have high melting point and high boiling point.

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:

1. Amide can be hydrolysed in the presence of alkali and mineral acid e.g.

CH₃CONH₂  +  H₂O       →  CH₃COOH + NH₃

2. In the presence of sodium hydroxide and bromine, amides produce amines with elimination of one     carbonyl group.

e.g.CH₃CONH₂  +  Br₂ + 4NaOH           → CH₃NH₂ + 2NaBr + Na₂CO₃ + 2H₂O

USES:

1. Used in the preparation of amines.

2. Used in making synthetic resins and plastics.

3. It can also be used in making fertilizer.

CARBAMIDE/UREA

This is an amide of hydrogen trioxo carbonate (IV) acid.  It is produced by compressing CO₂ and NH₃ at high pressure at 200⁰C.

EVALUATION

1. Write the structural formula of amide.

2. Give one different between amine and amide.

READING ASSIGNMENT

New School Chemistry by O.Y. Ababio pages 520-521

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

1.Tertiary amine is represented as follow

      A.  R₂NH₂   B.  (CH₃)₂NH       C.R₂NH₃    D.  R₂N

2.Which of the following has fishy odour

A.  alkanoic acid    B.  alkanol   C.  amide     D.  amine

3.Amide can be regarded as derivatives of …………

A.  alkanol   B.  policarboxylic acid   C.  monocarboxylic acid  D.  carbonxamide group

4.During the hydrolysis of amides, one of the following is produced.

A.  monocarboxylic acids   B.  water    C.  H₂SO₄    D.NaOH

5. Carbamide is an example of

            A.  amine    B.  alkane  C.  alkyl    D.  amide    

THEORY

1(a).     State two (2) physical properties of amide.

  (b).    How would you prepare ethanamide from an ester.

2(a).     State two (2) chemical properties of amide.

  (b).    How would you identify an example of amine in the laboratory.