Suffix

Suffixes are the affixes added after the base forms. It can be used to form noun, verb, adjective, adverbs. It may more than one meaning. e.g. ness, ify, ize, en, ful, al, tion, er, ship, ant, hood, less, ish, wise etc.

Use of suffixes to form Nouns

adjective+ ness                        happiness (the state of been happy),

wickedness, foolishness, sickness, awareness, etc.

Use of suffixes to form verb

Noun/adjective+ ify    beautify (cause to be beautiful), simplify, electrify

Ize                                           synthesize, terrorize, sympathize, practicalize

Adjective+ en              darken (become dark), sharpen, quicken, widen

Use of suffixes to form adjective

Noun+ ful                               delightful, hopeful, mouthful, fruitful

Noun+ al                                 practical, presidential, theoretical, instrumental…

Verb+ ment                             achievement, establishment, punishment…

Verb+ er/or/-r              singer, amplifier, conductor, narrator, receiver…

Verb+ ation/tion                      education, introduction, interpretation…

Noun+ less                              noiseless, childless, harmless, careless…

Adjective+ -ish                        smallish, greenish, darkish, grayish…

Use of suffixes to form adverbs

Adjective+ ly              beautifully, attentively, independently, quickly…

Noun/adverb+ ward(s)            homewards, northwards, downwards, coast wards…

Noun+ wise     clockwise, technology-wise, business-wise, education-wise…

Evaluation: Write the noun form of these adjectives:

noiseless, careless, delightful, fruitful, practical, instrumental, wicked, happy, aware.

ASPECT:  Structure

TOPIC: Conjunction (Types and Usage)

Content:

Conjunctions are words used for joining other words, or groups of words, in sentences. There are three types of conjunctions;

1. Coordinating conjunctions
2. Correlative conjunctions
3. Subordinating conjunctions

Coordinating conjunctions: They are also known as coordinators. They are but, or, and. examples

Boys and girls sometimes think differently.

The little girl sang and danced.

He promised to bring it, but he never did.

You may come yourself, or you may send someone.

Correlative conjunction: These are conjunctions that are used in pairs. E.g both…and, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also.

1. Both Mary and Ngozi are his cousins.
2. Either Tony or Bolu will be chosen.
3. She neither came nor send someone else.
4. Not only did she insult him but also slapped him.

Subordinating conjunctions: they are also known as subordinators. Examples are when, where, while, although, because, if, until, till, that, unless etc.

1. I shall see you when I come back.
2. The teacher explained why the sun always rises from the east.
3. Unless you work hard, you may not pass.
4. While she was working, the child sneaked out.

Evaluation: Underline the conjunction used in the following sentences and identify the type of conjunction used in each case.

1. Come if you please.
2. We saw a man, woman and a little girl.
3. He not only wrote but also sent some money.
4. Both Bimbo and Sola look alike.
5. You can see me when you are leaving.

ASPECT: Composition

TOPIC: Stating the Differences between Formal and Informal Letter.

Content:

Differences between Formal and Informal Letter

EVALUATION: State the differences between formal letter and informal letter.

ASPECT: Literature

TOPIC: Apostrophe, Euphemism, Metonymy

Content:

Apostrophe: It is essentially an address to an absent person, a dead person or a non-living thing, e.g.

“Africa”

“Africa my Africa,

Africa of proud warriors in the ancestral savannahs”

Lines 1 and 2

Euphemism: It is the presentation of an unpleasant thing or experience in a pleasant way. e.g.

1. The king has joined his ancestors.
2. The girl has been put in family way.
3. The madman’s sores have a gentle odour.

Metonymy: The use of one thing to stand for another thing with which it has a direct relationship. E.g.

The pen is mightier than the sword.(pen represents journalism, sword represents the soldier)

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT:

From the alternatives lettered A-D, choose the best option for the gap in each of the following sentences

1. That kind of excursion is ________ possible at this time of the year in  b. il   c. un  d. im
2. None of the following can take the prefix dis-EXPECT _____ soft  b. make  c. act  d. able
3. In the word anti- robbery, the prefix anti– means ________ between  b. across  c. against  d. for
4. All the following can take the suffix –hood EXCEPT_________ adulthood  b. brother  c. boy  d. sing
5. In the word mal-treatment the prefix mal– means ________ a. better  extra  c. for d. bad