Non-communicable diseases are diseases that cannot be transmitted from person to person. They are noninfectious health conditions that cannot be spread from one person to another. They last for a long period of time. Non-communicable diseases are also known as chronic diseases.
Causes of Non-communicable Diseases
They have many causes but are never caused by germs, bacteria or other living organisms that attack the body. They are rather caused by:
- Atomic fallouts
- Chemical fallouts
- Physiological failure of the tissues
- Brain damage
- Congenital problems
- Dietary imbalance
- Malnutrition
- Heredity
- Endocrine/hormonal accident
Atomic fallout: Deposition on the surface of the earth of radioactive particles, released into the atmosphere as a result of nuclear explosions and by discharge from nuclear-power and atomic installations.
Chemical fallouts: Chemical agents such as nerve gas, or biological weapons such as the contagious disease anthrax.
Physiological failures of the tissues: Inability of the body tissues to work properly
Brain damage: Injury to the brain tissue that can impair its ability to function
Congenital problems: This is also called congenital disorders, any abnormalities of structure or function that are present at birth.
Dietary imbalance:
Malnutrition:
Common Non-communicable Diseases, Causes and Prevention
| Diseases | Causes | Prevention | |
| Cardiovascular disease e.g. heart attack, stroke | Obesity, blood glucose blood pressure | Regular exercise, regular medical checkups, balanced diet | |
| Cancer e.g. lung, liver, prostrate, breast, cervical and skin cancer | Exposure to ultraviolet rays Genetic mutation, etc. Note: There is no single cause of cancer | Avoiding tobacco Limiting alcohol consumption | |
| Chronic respiratory disease e.g. asthma, cystic fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension | Heredity, smoking, environmental conditions, e.g. poor ventilation, air pollution | Proper ventilation, Good air quality | |
| Diabetes e.g. Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes | high blood sugar, poor diet, lack of exercise, obesity, immune system dysfunction | Balanced diet, regular exercise, | |
Prevention of Non-communicable Diseases
- Personal hygiene
- Eat balance diet
- Regular cheek up in good hospital
- Regular exercise
- Immunization
- Use insecticide mosquito net
- Drink water free from germs
EVALUATION
- Define non-communicable diseases.
Mention three (3) causes chronic diseases.
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