Principles Of Art And Design

SUB-TOPICS

1. Meaning of Principles of Art and Design.
2. The Principles of Art and Design.
3. Uses and Application of Principles of Art and Design.

MEANING OF PRINCIPLES OF ART AND DESIGN

Principles of art and design are the laid down laws or guides that moderate the artist in his or her art activities in order to effectively use the art elements.

THE PRINCIPLES OF ART AND DESIGN

1. Balance
2. Dominance
3. Variety
4. Proportion
5. Harmony
6. Repetition
7. Rhythm

MEANING, USES AND APPLICATION OF THE ART PRINCIPLES

1. BALANCE: This is the equal distribution of the art elements in a design in order to achieve equal status. The art elements should be given equal weight to achieve balance. For instance, before making a sketch of composed still life objects, bear in mind that the sketched still life objects should be centralized on paper in order to achieve balance. Colour, tones and shape should be evenly   or harmoniously distributed and every detail well arranged.

2. DOMINANCE:Anart element is meant to dominate or attract more attention than other elements in a work of art. For instance, a colour should dominate other colours in pattern design. The dominating colour in the work becomes the center of interest or the eye catcher.

3. VARIETY: Variety is achieved in a design when different materials are interchanged. Variety is the use of different elements like line, colour and shape and other components of design in varied and organized manner. Different art elements should be interchanged in a work of art to make the design more interesting and appealing.

4. PROPORTION: This is the proper relationship of one part of a figure to another with reference to size, form, shape and number. In figure drawing, the head being the unit of measurement should not be outstandingly bigger than the other parts of the human body. Therefore, all the parts of the human body should be evenly distributed. On the other hand, proportion is the proper relationship and distribution of some elements in a design.

5. HARMONY: Harmony is the unity of all the visual elements (shape, space, tone, colourand  line) in a compositional design. Harmony is achieved by repetition of characteristics the same or related.

6. REPETITION: Repetition is the process of allowing some art elements to feature several times on a surface. Rhythm and repletion are closely related .Rhythm is simply the result of repetition.

7. RHYTHM: It is the flow achieved by arranging and depicting various elements like  colour, line and shape(motif) in a repeated manner. Rhythm produces a continuous flow of movement of some elements in pattern design.

EVALUATION

1. Define principles of art and design.
2. Mention any two principles of art and design and explain.

GENERAL EVALUATION

1. How is calligraphy pen improvised?
2. Who takes charge of the museum and all the valuable things in it?

READING ASSIGNMENT

Cultural and Creative Art (New Edition) by Peter Akinyemi.(Book 2)Pages 5-6.

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

1. Textile designers make the most use of the principle of …………………(a) emphasis  (b) proportion (c) repetition  (d)registration
2. In pattern making, what principle of art and designs allows a colour to have a domineering presence over other colours?          (a) Balance  (b) Proportion   (c) Dominance  (d) Repetition
3. When some art elements are given equal weight in a work of art,……..…….is achieved.(a) balance  (b) proportion  (c)rhythm  (d) repetition
4. The use of opposing, contrasting or diversifying elements in a composition thereby adding individualism and interest to such work is called………………(a) balance  (b) repetition  (c) variety  (d) harmony
5. The use of closely related line, colour and shape in pattern making  creates a sense of  ………..…… (a) harmony  (b) repetition (c)balance  (d) proportion

THEORY

1. What art principle is required to properly relate and distribute the various parts of the human body to the head in figure or life drawing?
2. Explain repetition?