CONTENT: (1) Breeds of Cattle
(2) Breeds of Sheep and Goats
(3) Breeds of Pigs and Rabbits
Sub-Topic 1: Breeds of Cattle
A .Meaning of Breeds: Breeds refer to kind or variety of animals with hereditary qualities that are developed by people in a controlled way.
B. Breeds of cattle: There are many breeds of cattle these, include: White Fulani ,Red bororo, Jet koram, Shuwa Arab, Yola or Adamawa(These can be used for dairy purpose.), N’dama ,Kuri or Lake Chad, Muturu (WAD),Ghana short horn (These can be used for beef production.)
Terms used for Cattle:
Bull: A matured adult male cattle
Cow: A matured adult female cattle.
Calf: Young one of cattle of either sex.
Heifer: A matured young female cattle not yet producing calves.
Bullock: A castrated bull
Calving: The process of giving birth to young ones by cow.
Beef: Meat of matured cattle.
Herd: Group of cattle.
Veal: Meat of young cattle.
Gestation period: This is the period of pregnancy. (283days)
EVALUATION:
1. Define breeds.
2. List four breeds of cattle that can serve the following purposes
I dairy ii. beef
Sub-Topic 2: Breeds of Sheep and Goats
BREEDS OF SHEEP:
There are three well known breeds of sheep in West Africa. They are:
(i) The Ouda (The Fulani) – The commonest and the most widespread of all breeds of sheep. .Ouda originated in Egypt. The rams have large ,wide and spiral horns.
(ii) Yankasa (and Balami) –These are commonly found in North Central Nigeria .The rams have long curved horns .Both are white in colour.
(iii) WAD Sheep-This is the smallest breed of sheep found in humid areas of W .Africa.
Terms used for Sheep:
RAM: A matured adult male sheep.
Ewe: A matured adult female sheep.
Lamb: A young sheep of either sex.
Wether: A castrated ram.
Mutton: Meat of sheep.
Lambing: Parturition in ewe.
Flock: Group of adult sheep
Gestation period :150days
BREEDS OF GOAT: They are the earliest domesticated and the most widely distributed animals with high concentration in Africa and India .Goat have ability to withstand harsh weather conditions. The common breeds of goats are : Sokoto red (maradi),Kano brown, Sahel goat, Borno white and WAD goat.
Terms used for goats.
Billy :A matured adult male goat .
Nanny :A matured adult female goat.
Buck :A male goat of breeding age.
Doe : A female goat of breeding stage .
Kid :A young goat of either sex .
Kidding :Parturition in doe.
Chevon : The meat of goat .
Castrate : A castrated male goat .
Herd : Group of goat .
Gestation period : 150days.
EVALUATION.
(I) The most widespread of sheep is——-
(II) State four breeds of goat you known
Sub-Topic 3: Breeds of Pigs and Rabbits
BREEDS OF PIGS :
Pigs are the most prolific (productive) of all farm animals .They are omnivorous and heavy feeders. Pig production is not as popular as goat production because of social, economic and religious reasons.
Breeds of pigs includes:
WAD pigs,
Large white(Yorkshire),
Land race,
American
Duroc,
Hampshire , large black, Chester White, polar China, Tam Worth e.t.c
TERMS USED IN DESCRIBING PIGS:
Boar: A matured adult male pig.
Sow: A matured adult female pig.
Hog (Barrow): A castrated boar.
Piglet: A young pig of either sex.
Barrowing: Parturition in sow.
Pork: Meat of pig.
Lard: Fat from pig.
Gestation period: 114days
BREEDS OF RABBIT: A productive animals that can produce up to four or five times in a year. It is not a native to tropical Africa but can do well under local tropical conditions . Examples of breeds of rabbit are :Flemish giant ,California rabbit, New Zealand rabbit , Chinchilla ,Checkered giant ,Dutch spotted rabbit etc.
TERMS USED IN DESCRIBING RABBIT:
Buck: A matured adult male rabbit .
Doe: A matured adult female rabbit
Kitten: A young rabbit of either sex .
Colony: A group of rabbit.
Kindling: Parturition in doe.
Gestation period : 29 – 30 days
EVALUATION:
1. Define breed.
2. State four breeds of (a) cattle (b) sheep (c) goat (d) pig (e) rabbit
3. Mention four products that can be gotten from cattle ,sheep goat, pig and rabbit.
WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT:
Junior secondary Agriculture (workbook 1)byAnthony.Youdeowei et-al pages 10- 11
REFERENCES:
1. J S Agriculture for Nigerian schools by Anthony et al
2. Essentials of Agricultural science for JSS by Anie
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